<?xml version="1.1" encoding="utf-8"?>
<article xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/xsd/JATS-journalpublishing1-mathml3.xsd" dtd-version="1.1" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">MRP</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Medical Research and Practice</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn>2993-9690</issn><eissn>2993-9704</eissn><publisher><publisher-name>Art and Design</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.61369/MRP.8765</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title>注意缺陷多动障碍认知损害机制研究进展</title><url>https://artdesignp.com/journal/MRP/2/9/10.61369/MRP.8765</url><author>倪丹</author><pub-date pub-type="publication-year"><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>9</issue><history><date date-type="pub"><published-time>2024-09-20</published-time></date></history><abstract>注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是儿童期常见的神经发育障碍，其核心特征包括注意力不集中、多动和冲动，而其核心缺陷为认知功能损害。过去几十年，关于其认知损害机制的研究在神经影像学、神经生物学和遗传学方面取得了丰富的进展。大脑结构和功能的异常、神经递质的失衡以及多基因遗传等因素在ADHD的发病中发挥着重要作用。本文将从不同方面探讨注意缺陷多动障碍儿童的认知损害机制。ADHD是一个复杂的问题，未来的研究将更加注重跨学科的合作与交流。</abstract><keywords>注意缺陷多动障碍,认知功能损害,机制</keywords></article-meta></front><body/><back><ref-list><ref id="B1" content-type="article"><label>1</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>[1]Liu A, Xu Y, Yan Q, Tong L. The Prevalence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder among Chinese Children and Adolescents. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):11169. Published2018 Aug 16.[2] 李世明，冯为，方芳，等．中国儿童注意缺陷多动障碍患病率Meta 分析［J］．中华流行病学杂志，2018,39(07):993-998.[3]《中国成人注意缺陷多动障碍诊断和治疗专家共识(2023 版)》发布［J］．中华医学信息导报，2023,38(16):11-11.[4] 杨丽珠，刘凌，徐敏著．早期儿童自我认知发生发展研究［M］．北京师范大学出版社，2014.[5] 向伟．微量营养素与儿童的认知发展［J］．中国儿童保健杂志，2012,20(02):100-102+111.[6]Y&amp;aacute;&amp;ntilde;ez-T&amp;eacute;llez G, Romero-Romero H, Rivera-Garc&amp;iacute;a L, Prieto-Corona B, Bernal-Hern&amp;aacute;ndez J, Marosi-Holczberger E, Guerrero-Ju&amp;aacute;rez V, Rodr&amp;iacute;guez-Camacho M,Silva-Pereyra JF. Cognitive and executive functions in ADHD. Actas Esp Psiquiatr. 2012 Nov-Dec;40(6):293-8. Epub 2012 Nov 1.[7]Liu Y, Wang Y. [Cognitive functions of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2002 Mar 25;82(6):389-92. Chinese. PMID:11953204.[8]Schoechlin C, Engel RR. Neuropsychological performance in adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: meta-analysis of empirical data. Arch Clin Neuropsychol.2005;20(6):727-744.[9]Carucci S, Narducci C, Bazzoni M, Balia C, Donno F, Gagliano A, Zuddas A. Clinical characteristics, neuroimaging findings, and neuropsychological functioning in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Sex differences. J Neurosci Res. 2023 May;101(5):704-717.[10]( 英), 米歇尔&amp;middot;德&amp;middot;哈恩，( 英) 等．人类发展的认知神经科学［M］．浙江教育出版社，2017.[11]Rosch KS, Mostofsky S. Development of the frontal lobe. Handb Clin Neurol. 2019;163:351-367.[12]Emond V, Joyal C, Poissant H. Neuroanatomie structurelle et fonctionnelle du trouble d&amp;eacute;ficitaire d&amp;rsquo;attention avec ou sans hyperactivit&amp;eacute; (TDAH) [Structural and functional neuroanatomy of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)]. Encephale. 2009 Apr;35(2):107-14. French. doi: 10.1016/j.encep.2008.01.005IF: 1.2 B4. Epub 2008 Jul 7.[13]Hoogman M, Bralten J, Hibar DP, et al. Subcortical brain volume differences in participants with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adults: a crosssectional mega-analysis [published correction appears in Lancet Psychiatry. 2017 Jun;4(6):436. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(17)30213-4]. Lancet Psychiatry. 2017;4(4):310-319.[14]Dickstein SG, Bannon K, Castellanos FX, Milham MP. The neural correlates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: an ALE meta-analysis. J Child Psychol Psychiatry.2006;47(10):1051-1062.[15] 王雪珂，冯廷勇．&amp;ldquo;冷&amp;rdquo;/&amp;ldquo;热&amp;rdquo;执行功能缺陷影响ADHD 儿童核心症状的作用机制［J］．心理科学进展，2023,31(11):2106-2128.[16]Collins AG, Frank MJ. Surprise! Dopamine signals mix action, value and error. Nat Neurosci. 2016;19(1):3-5.[17]Cortese S. The neurobiology and genetics of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): what every clinician should know. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2012 Sep;16(5):422-33.[18]Prince J. Catecholamine dysfunction in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: an update. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2008;28(3 Suppl 2):S39-S45.[19] 单艳红，陈一心．注意缺陷多动障碍认知功能的遗传学研究进展［J］．中华医学遗传学杂志，2018,35(06):912-915.Prince J. Catecholamine dysfunction in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: an update. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2008;28(3 Suppl 2):S39-S45.[20]Demontis D, Walters GB, Athanasiadis G, et al. Genome-wide analyses of ADHD identify 27 risk loci, refine the genetic architecture and implicate several cognitive domains [published correction appears in Nat Genet. 2023 Apr;55(4):730. doi: 10.1038/s41588-023-01350-w]. Nat Genet. 2023;55(2):198-208.[21]Pineau G, Villemonteix T, Slama H, et al. Dopamine transporter genotype modulates brain activity during a working memory task in children with ADHD. Res Dev Disabil. 2019;92:103430.[22]Chatterjee M, Saha S, Sinha S, Mukhopadhyay K. A three-pronged analysis confirms the association of the serotoninergic system with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. World J Pediatr. 2022;18(12):825-834.[23] 钱秋谨，王玉凤，杨莉，等．儿茶酚氧位甲基转移酶基因与注意缺陷多动障碍患儿认知功能的关联研究［J］．中华精神科杂志，2008(04):200-203.[24] 中华医学会儿科学分会发育行为学组．注意缺陷多动障碍早期识别、规范诊断和治疗的儿科专家共识［J］．中华儿科杂志，2020,58(3):188-193.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
